chapter 1 introduction of myopia
1. what is myopia随堂测验
1、myopia is defined as the spherical equivalent negative diopter of any eye is greater than ( )
a、0.25
b、0.50
c、0.75
d、1.00
2、myopia is defined as the spherical equivalent negative diopter of any eye is greater than 0.50d.
2. how to prevent myopia随堂测验
1、maintaining ( ) of outdoor activities per day can effectively delay the age of onset of myopia.
a、30 minutes
b、1 hour
c、1~2 hours
d、2~3 hours
2、the closer the reading distance, the higher the probability of myopia.
3. how to evaluate myopia and myopia-related parameters随堂测验
1、the following methods that are not objective refraction are( )
a、retinoscopy
b、red-green test
c、auto refraction
d、keratometer
2、visual acuity decreasing is myopia
test for chapter 1
1、where is the external parallel light focused after passing through the myopic eye?
a、before the retina
b、right on the retina
c、after the retina
d、none of the above
2、according to estimates, global myopia patients may rise to the ( ) of total population by 2050
a、20%
b、25%
c、50%
d、75%
3、for people who read more than 2 hours at close range, the probability of myopia will increase ( ) times.
a、0.5
b、1
c、1.5
d、2
4、factors affecting myopia include( )
a、heredity
b、environment
c、both a and b
d、none of the above
5、if parents are myopic, the probability of a child ’s myopia increases ( ) times.
a、1
b、1.4
c、2
d、2.4
6、the main testing items to determine whether or not myopia and verify the progress of myopia is/are ( )
a、visual acuity
b、refractive error
c、axial length and corneal curvature
d、all of the above
7、children and adolescents should be reviewed every ( )
a、1 month
b、3 months
c、half a year
d、1 year
8、people with poor best corrected visual acuity should be reviewed ( )
a、half a month
b、1~3 months
c、half a year
d、1 year
9、which of the following is/are (a) fundus lesion of pathological myopia?
a、retinal hemorrhage
b、retianl detachment
c、open-angle glaucoma
d、retinal hole
e、lacquer crack
10、precautions for myopia include( )
a、create a profile of refractive development
b、increase outdoor activities
c、prohibit the use of electronic devices
d、scientific indoor lighting
e、proper close work
11、the higher the degree of myopia, the bigger the blurred spots of parallel rays focused on the retina.
12、myopia will definitely cause fundus lesions.
13、people who inherit susceptibility genes will definitely be myopic.
14、reading posture has nothing to do with the occurrence of myopia.
15、the longer a child ’s weekly outdoor activities, the lower the risk of myopia.
16、vision loss is not necessarily myopia.
17、corneal curvature is an important indicator for predicting whether and how long myopia will occur in children.
18、the result of mydriatic optometry is the final prescription.
chapter 2 how to correct myopia
4. how to correct myopia spectacles随堂测验
1、which of the following is not a method for correcting myopia?
a、spectacles
b、contact lenses
c、refractive surgery
d、acupuncture
2、spectacle prescriptions from two years ago can be used for fitting without re-examination.
5. how to correct myopia contact lens随堂测验
1、which of the following is not a basic parameter for contact lens fitting?
a、diopter
b、thickness
c、base curve
d、diameter
2、spectacle lenses and contact lenses are optical lenses.
6. how to correct myopia orthokeratology随堂测验
1、orthokeratology is a ( ) method to reduce myopia.
a、reversible
b、irreversible
c、complete
d、invalid
2、the wearing of orthokeratology can delay the progression of myopia to a certain extent.
7. how to correct myopia refractive surgery随堂测验
1、which of the following is not corneal refractive surgery?
a、lasek
b、tprk
c、smile
d、orthokeratology
2、refractive surgery can not fundamentally eliminate myopia.
test for chapter 2
1、which of the following is not spectacles?
a、single vision glasses
b、bifocal glasses
c、progressive multifocal lenses
d、orthokeratology lenses
2、in the lens selection, which one is first recommended ( )
a、glass
b、plastic lenses
c、pc lenses
d、none of the above
3、myopic lens is ( )
a、convex lens
b、concave lens
c、plain glass
d、none of the above
4、soft lens evaluation includes ( )
a、position of the center
b、movement
c、coverage
d、all of the above
5、which of the following is not an indication for contact lenses?
a、diabetes
b、corneal astigmatism
c、anisometropia
d、high myopia
6、compared with the spectacles, the visual field of wearing a contact lens is ( )
a、bigger
b、smaller
c、the same
d、none of the above
7、the name of corneal shaping lens is( )
a、conjunctiva
b、keratometry
c、orthokeratology
d、corneal
8、the orthokeratology flattens the cornea, changing the（ ）of light entering the eye and focusing the light on the retina.
a、wavelength
b、refractive power
c、velocity
d、reflectivity
9、myopia patients with myopia below ( ) diopters have the best effect of myopia correction with orthokeratology.
a、200
b、400
c、600
d、800
10、which of the following is a routine examination before refractive surgery ()
a、refractive status
b、corneal thickness measurement
c、pupil diameter measurement
d、all of the above
11、which of the following situations can be considered for refractive surgery?
a、the myopia is stable and the eye surface is healthy
b、rapid myopia progression
c、the cornea is thin and the pupil is large
d、patients with ocular surface inflammation
12、what is the characteristic of lasek surgery?
a、corneal flap
b、remove the epithelial
c、excimer laser flapping/deepithelialization
d、femtosecond laser flapping/deepithelialization
13、spectacle prescription includes ( )
a、refractive power
b、astigmatism power
c、astigmatism axis
d、corrected visual acuity
e、pupil distance
14、when is the follow-up time after wearing ok?
a、1 day
b、1 week
c、1 month
d、3 months
15、refractive surgery includes ( )
a、corneal refractive surgery
b、iris refractive surgery
c、intraocular refractive surgery
d、extraocular refractive surgery
16、the result of auto refraction can be used directly as prescription for optician.
17、it is recommended to fully correct according to the results of refraction.
18、compared with undercorrection, full correction has slower progress of myopia.
19、the prescription of the spectacle and contact lens of the same patient is the same.
20、contact lenses belong to class-iii medical devices of medical devices in medicine.
21、orthokeratology can temporarily prevent myopia and improve uncorrected visual acuity, and it can effectively control the growth of myopia in children and adolescents.
22、the effect of orthokeratology in reducing myopia is temporary.
23、orthokeratology is suitable for all myopia prevention and control population.
24、the optical principle of refractive surgery is refractive correction.
25、refractive surgery is suitable for all myopia prevention and control population.
chapter 3 national strategy
8. myopia progression and control随堂测验
1、the myopia diopter exceeding ( ) d is called high myopia
a、2
b、4
c、6
d、8
2、which of the following belongs to the group who are prone to progress myopia?
a、pathological myopia in which genes play a leading role
b、children and adolescents
c、the elderly
d、athletes
9. recent update of research on myopia control随堂测验
1、the central curvature of cornea ( ) and the peripheral corneal curvature ( ) after orthokeratology was worn.
a、decreased; increased
b、increased; decreased
c、increased; increased
d、decreased; decreased
2、the recovery of sclera oxygen supply is expected to be a new target for myopia intervention.
test for chapter 3
1、progressive myopia refers to an increase in myopia greater than ( ) degrees per year
a、10
b、50
c、100
d、200
2、children spend at least ( ) hours outdoors each day can reduce the occurrence of myopia
a、0.5
b、2
c、5
d、8
3、which of the following is not a risk factor for the myopia development ?
a、near work for a long time
b、improper eye ueing distance
c、too dim illumination
d、spend more than 2 hours a day outdoors
4、parental myopia makes the probability of myopia in children increase by more than ( ) times.
a、1
b、1..4
c、2
d、2.4
5、risk factor of myopia is ( )
a、long-time near work
b、short near work distance
c、all of the above
d、none of the above
6、the average outdoor lighting is about () times that of ordinary indoor lighting.
a、5
b、10
c、15
d、20
7、( ) is the source power of myopia prevention and control
a、individual
b、family
c、school
d、society
8、the following can inhibit the occurrence and development of myopia is ( )
a、long-time reading with near distance
b、long-time reading with low light
c、long-time reading with high light
d、appropriate outdoor activities
9、the characteristics of pathological myopia are( )
a、easy rupture of corneal descemet membrane
b、sclera thinning
c、vitreous liquefaction
d、retina thinning
10、the following can induce the occurrence of myopia are ( )
a、hyperopic defocus in macular central fovea
b、peripheral retinal hyperopic defocus
c、corneal hyperopic defocus
d、iris hyperopic defocus
11、myopia is reversible.
12、in children and adolescents, the earlier myopia happens,the faster the myopia progression.
13、the higher the concentration of atropine, the better the effect on controlling myopia, but the greater the side effects.
14、outdoor activities are a protective factor for myopia.
15、dopamine synthesis and decomposition are affected by light.
16、myopia is a typical disease which is easily affected by environmental factors.the implementation of the reduction of schoolwork burden is closely related to its development.
17、myopia is a disease.
18、the government's macro-control is the decisive factor of myopia prevention and control.
chapter 4 myopia screening
11. myopia screening: determine key parameters随堂测验
1、which is myopia screening' mode?
a、dependable and workable
b、attainability
c、payable
d、all above
2、we need only light-style visual chart during myopia screening.
12. myopia screening: technical requirement随堂测验
1、which one we can't see during myopia screening?
a、education
b、visual examination
c、data feedback
d、specialized guidance
2、combined the result, professional staffs will have professional guide on students.
13. myopia screening: procedure and data analysis随堂测验
1、which one is excluded in terminal for the census data transmission?
a、data record
b、data upload
c、data statistics
d、data calculation
2、we take census and information system as a carrier,adding popular science propaganda to feedback platform,then we form a complete set of myopia's prevention and control mode based on myopia screening.
test for chapter 4
1、myopia prevention and control's content includes( )
a、myopia screening
b、guidance of prevention and control
c、scientific treatment
d、all above
2、during myopia screening, we usually make judgment by ( )
a、visual acuity
b、diopter
c、a and b
d、none of the above
3、we can not get ( ) using auto-refractor.
a、sphere
b、cylinder
c、axial
d、intraocular pressure
4、popular science propaganda before examination includes( )
a、tips of myopia’s prevention
b、notes on visual and refractive examination
c、scientific guide on myopia's correction
d、all above
5、professional staffs scan ( ) to identify kids.
a、id number
b、name
c、qr code
d、none of the above
6、after examination,for kids who may have a suspicious myopia or other visual problem we may inform them about ( )
a、results
b、follow-up matters
c、matching situation of degree of glasses
d、all above
7、which one is excluded in a summary report of myopia to middle and primary school?
a、regional rate of low vision
b、overall situation of myopia in this school
c、situation of myopia in each grades and each class
d、generate a visual report of the whole school students and report of risk prevention and control
8、we record results of va by ( ) during myopia screening.
a、hand writing
b、manual input using computer
c、app on handphone or pad
d、none of the above
9、standard process of myopia screening includes ( )
a、personal data collection
b、education
c、visual examination
d、data feedback
e、specialized guidance
10、an integrated information system including( )
a、myopia screening
b、data transmission
c、data platform
d、feedback platform
e、artificial input data
11、myopia screening is visual inspection and initial diagnosis for all children and youths in a region and get total prevalence rate and individual visual condition,then form archives of eye health.
12、universal standard of visual chart in our country is national standard logarithmic visual acuity chart.
13、we need to type in results by manual work during myopia screening.
14、personal data collection is a collaborative research with education department.
15、myopia screnning in school is inefficient because less staffs and more subjects.
16、results will be recorded into information system using network transmission.
17、we have paper printer and artificial input data during myopia screening.
18、integrated information system is excluded in procedure of myopia screening.
chapter 5 refraction for children and teenagers
14.the features of refractive status of children and teenagers随堂测验
1、as for refractive status, newly-born baby is ( )
a、myopia
b、hyperopia
c、emmetropia
d、none of the above
2、children with more degree of hypermetropia is easier to be amblyopia.
15.retinoscopy refraction for children and teenagers随堂测验
1、during retinoscopy refraction, if the light reflected by examined eye focuses behind the eye, it is ( )
a、with motion
b、against motion
c、in neutral condition
d、none of the above
2、doctors should adjust working distance during retinoscopy refraction.
16.subjective refraction for children and teenagers随堂测验
1、the meaning of mpmva is ( )
a、maximum plus to maximum visual acuity
b、maximum minus to maximum visual acuity
c、minimum plus to maximum visual acuity
d、none of the above
2、the aim of fogging is ( )
a、remove astigmatism
b、relax accomadation
c、correct strabismus
d、correct the amblyopia
test for chapter 5
1、baby at six months old is about ( )d
a、0.50
b、1.00
c、1.50
d、2.00
2、refractive diopter is about 0 when they are ( ) years old.
a、5
b、7
c、10
d、12
3、in a view of refractive status, less degree of hypermetropia is easier to get ( )
a、myopia
b、amblyopia
c、astigmia
d、strabismus
4、if we find the reflected light in pupil will move against the light on face,we should place ( ) lens in front of the examined eye
a、plus lens
b、negative lens
c、don't place lens
d、none of the above
5、we should use ( ) when have right eye's examination during retinoscopy refraction.
a、right eye，right hand
b、right eye，left hand
c、left eye，left hand
d、left eye，right hand
6、we need to fog to ( ) when monocular mpvma
a、0.3~0.5
b、0.6~0.8
c、0.2~0.4
d、lower than 0.6
7、which is the rank of red, yellow, and green light in the position of the retinal image (front to back)?
a、red>yellow>green
b、red>green>yellow
c、yellow>green>red
d、green>yellow>red
8、during binocular balance you need to fog the va to ( )
a、0.3~0.5
b、0.5~0.8
c、0.8~1.0
d、none of the above
9、children' own physiological characteristics including( )
a、uncooperative
b、accommodation is strong and could changes a lot
c、eye position may tilt and shake
d、absent-minded
e、a lack of understanding and expression
10、preparation of subjective refraction including ( )
a、disinfect
b、initial refractive power
c、pupillary distance
d、the leveling knob
e、the vertex distance between phoropter and eye
11、the aim to the examination is to get refractive status and best corrected visual acuity.
12、children' refraction examination is the same as adults'.
13、subjects should stare at optotypes when retinoscopy refraction.
14、working distance is changeable during retinoscopy refraction.
15、we can't see the skew phenomenon means when the light of retinoscope is parallel to the principal meridian of astigmatism.
16、during red and green test you should ask subjects see red optotypes first.
17、during fogging, we should add negative sphere to relax accommodation.
18、during red and green test, if subjects see optotypes on red backgroud clearly,we should add 0.25ds.
chapter 6 spectacles
17.spectacles for myopia correction i随堂测验
1、how often should an adult's optometry follow-up?
a、3 months
b、6 months
c、1 ~ 2 years
d、no follow-up
2、myopia correction is to make the refractive error eye into an emmetropia state through optical or surgical methods.
18.spectacles for myopia correction ii随堂测验
1、which of the following is the most common type of frame glasses?
a、single focal lenses
b、prism bifocal lenses
c、progressive addition lens
d、peripheral defocusing lens
2、the progressive addition lens has a good effect on controlling the progress of myopia in children with esophoria.
19.spectacles for myopia correction iii随堂测验
1、when selecting the lenses and frames, which of the following should not be considered for patients with high myopia?
a、high index lens
b、sheet metal frame
c、full frame
d、frameless glasses
2、glass is preferred for lens material.
test for chapter 6
1、which of the following belongs to frame glasses correction?
a、standard optometry
b、scientific optician
c、a and b
d、none of the above
2、which of the following situations requires ciliary muscle paralysis when do optometry?
a、initial visual examination
b、incorrect eye position
c、corrected vision not up to normal level
d、all of the above
3、how often should children and adolescents optometry follow-up?
a、1 month
b、3 months
c、6 months
d、12 months
4、which of the following does not belong to myopia?
a、single focal lenses
b、progressive addition lens
c、soft contact lens
d、prism bifocal lenses
5、which of the following is not suitable for progressive addition lens?
a、myopia children with esophoria
b、presbyopia
c、children with exophoria
d、myopia children with high ac/a
6、which of the following is the precautions for fitting the progressive addition lens?
a、personalized add
b、application instruction
c、pupil height
d、all of the above
7、which of the following needs to be considered for myopia correaction with frame glasses?
a、correction of refractive error
b、safe to wear
c、aesthetic aspects
d、all of the above
8、which of the following is not the advantages of resin lenses?
a、light
b、good hardness
c、good impact resistance
d、good light transmittance
9、the principle of frame glasses to correct myopia.
a、to see clearly
b、to see comfortably
c、to see durably
d、look beautiful
10、which of the following is an advantage of pc lens?
a、good impact resistance
b、high refractive index
c、light
d、ultravioresistant
e、good heat resistance
11、myopia correction is to cure myopia.
12、optometry prescription is not equal to optician prescription.
13、children and adolescents' optometry follow-up should be checked every 1 year.
14、it is recommended that myopia should be corrected fully in clinic.
15、the lens power of progressive addition glasses is not fixed.
16、orthokeratology also belongs to frame glasses.
17、the abbe coefficient of pc lens is high.
18、the sheet frame has better security than the metal frame.
chapter 7 contact lens
20.soft contact lens for myopia correction随堂测验
1、which of the following is not an advantage of soft contact lenses?
a、great vision field
b、more real vision
c、astigmatism correction
d、all of the above
2、rgp is not a kind of soft contact lens.
21.rgp contact lens for myopia correction随堂测验
1、the ideal dynamic lens fitting assessment maintains a movement of ( ) mm.
a、0.1-0.5
b、0.5-1.0
c、1.0-2.0
d、2.0-3.0
2、whether it is a steep fit or a flat fit, it is necessary to adjust the corresponding parameters of the lens to achieve a parallel fit.
test for chapter 7
1、how many millimeters the base arc of the soft contact lens is flatter than the curvature of the cornea?
a、0.2~0.4
b、0.4~0.6
c、0.6~0.8
d、0.8~1
2、which of the following is the indications for fitting spherical soft lenses?
a、spherical refractive error
b、aphakia
c、high astigmatism
d、all of the above
3、which of the following is not a kind of contact lens
a、bandage contact lens
b、rgp
c、orthokeratology
d、bifocal lenses
4、rgp lens refers to ( ).
a、rigid gas permeable contact lens
b、soft gas permeable contact lens
c、rigid gas impermeable contact lens
d、soft gas impermeable contact lens
5、the fitting process of rgp lens includes ( ).
a、pre-fitting examinations
b、lens fitting
c、post-fitting education
d、all of the above
6、rgp lens needs to be worn for ( ) minutes before performing lens fitting assessment and over-refraction.
a、10-20
b、20-30
c、30-40
d、40-50
7、which of the following is the fitting process of soft contact lenses?
a、the choice of wearer
b、glasses parameter measurement
c、lens type and power parameter measurement
d、nursing and education
e、follow-up inspection and problem solving
8、the indications of rgp lens are ( ).
a、refractive errors
b、corneal irregular astigmatism
c、keratoconus
d、aphakia
9、orthokeratology is a kind of soft contact lens.
10、the curvature of the anterior surface of the cornea can be measured by keratometer.
11、through the keratometer, the wearer's corneal astigmatism and the corneal morphology can be checked.
12、rgp lens is almost free of water and will not absorb evaporated water from the eyes.
13、rgp lens wearers do not need regular follow-up.
14、in the static assessment, steep fit refers to the fluorescein staining pattern with center of the lens being black and the peripheral area being yellow-green.
chapter 8 orthokeratology
22.orthokeratology lens fitting随堂测验
1、ideal static fitting of orthokeratology lens has a ( ) mm flattened base curve area in the center.
a、2-3
b、3-4
c、4-5
d、5-6
2、the software fitting system guided by corneal topography has a lower failure rate than the trial lens system.
23. effectiveness of orthokeratology随堂测验
1、the changes of corneal maximum refractive power changes is ( ) related to growth of the eye axis.
a、positive
b、negatively
c、no
d、not clear
2、orthokeratology lens cannot effectively control the growth of the eye axis.
24. safety of orthokeratology随堂测验
1、due to the optical design of concave lens, when the refractive error of central fovea is corrected, it will form a ( ) around the retina.
a、horizontal defocus
b、vertical defocus
c、hyperopic defocus
d、myopic defocus
2、corneal infection or corneal infiltration is the most serious complication during orthokeratology lens wearing.
test for chapter 8
1、at present, the orthokeratology lens is mainly designed with ( ) curve zones.
a、two
b、three
c、four
d、five
2、the diameter of the trial lens can be obtained by measuring the horizontal visible iris diameter of cornea with ( ).
a、ruler
b、corneal topography
c、slit lamp eyepiece with a ruler
d、all of the above
3、generally speaking, the total diameter of the trial lens is ( ) mm smaller than hvid.
a、0.5-1.0
b、1.0-1.5
c、1.5-2.0
d、2.0-2.5
4、for ok lens wearers, the growth of the eye axis is ( ) related to the initial age.
a、positive
b、negatively
c、no
d、not clear
5、orthokeratology lens can effectively control the growth of eye axis, with different studies expressing an effect of ( ) to 60%.
a、20%
b、30%
c、40%
d、50%
6、myopia is corrected with ( ).
a、concave lens
b、convex lens
c、plane lens
d、mirror
7、the occurrence of central island during orthokeratology lens fitting is due to ( ) pressure in the base curve area of the lens.
a、insufficient
b、overmuch
c、moderate
d、missing
8、the common adverse reactions of orthokeratology lens wearing include ( ).
a、lens misfit
b、visual quality degradation
c、impacts on eyes
d、all of the above
9、the main methods for fitting orthokeratology lens are ( ).
a、pmma system
b、soft contact lens system
c、trial lens system
d、software fitting system guided by corneal topography
10、which factors will affect the effectiveness of orthokeratology lens on myopia control?
a、lens material
b、initial refractive error
c、initial age
d、pupil diameter
11、no need to sign an informed consent form with the wearers and their family before fitting the orthokeratology lens.
12、the software fitting system guided by corneal topography takes a longer time for fitting than the trial lens system.
13、when fitting orthokeratology, the flat k of the corneal topography is preferred as the alignment curve of the first trial lens.
14、the shorter is the axial length, the greater is the probability of future retinal detachment or macular degeneration.
15、so far, the mechanism of orthokeratology lens on myopia control is still unclear.
16、the overcorrection of visual acuity refers to insufficient corneal flattening, which limits the improvement of uncorrected visual acuity and needs to wear frame spectacles as a supplement during the day.
17、the cornea has a certain extend of self-healing function.
18、the contact lens wearers can continue to wear the lens for 1 month before going to the doctors when unusual situation happens.
chapter 9 atropine for myopia control
25. atropine and myopia control随堂测验
1、the ( ) is the concentration of atropine, the better is the effect of myopia control, the more obvious is the side effect, and the greater is the rebound effect after drug withdrawal.
a、higher
b、lower
c、moderate
d、not clear
2、current researches show that the use of atropine does not cause light damage to the retina and optic nerve.
26.the effect and clinical experience of atropine随堂测验
1、if the myopia progression controled by atropine is less than ( )d/year,the progression is considered stable.
a、0.25
b、0.5
c、1.0
d、2.0
2、the effects of atropine use will be better if myopia develops fast,the degree is high, the parents are with myopia and the children are late to use atropine for the first time.
27. how to use atropine随堂测验
1、the most effective methods for preventing myopia are good eye care habits and ( ) hours outdoor acticities per day.
a、0.5
b、1
c、2
d、5
2、atropine needs professional inspection and monitoring only before the use.
test for chapter 9
1、atropine can bind to ( ) to competitively antagonize acetylcholine.
a、a receptor
b、b receptor
c、m receptor
d、n receptor
2、atropine can ( ) gland secretion.
a、promote
b、inhibit
c、either
d、neither
3、atropine can ( ) respiratory center and ( ) respiratory suppression.
a、excite；strengthen
b、excite；relieve
c、inhibit；strengthen
d、inhibit；relieve
4、the study showed that the efficiency of slowing axial elongation with 0.01% low-concentration atropine combined with orthokeratology was ( ) compared with that of only orthokeratology.
a、better
b、worse
c、same
d、no statistical significance
5、cfda has approved 0.01% low-concentration atropine to carry out clinical trials of drugs in ( )
a、2016
b、2017
c、2018
d、2019
6、using atropine to control myopic progression needs rugular follow-up at every ( ) month.
a、1
b、3
c、6
d、12
7、when using atropine eye drops,keep the bottle at a distance of ( )cm from the eyeball.
a、0.5
b、1
c、2
d、5
8、atropine is generally recommended for children with ( ) myopia progression.
a、rapid
b、slow
c、all above
d、none of the above
9、the symptom after atropine use includes ( ).
a、myosis
b、mydriasis
c、the spasm of ciliary muscle
d、the paralysis of ciliary muscle
10、the influence factors of atropine on myopia congtrol include ( )
a、the speed of myopic progression
b、the severity of myopia
c、the family history of myopia
d、the age when begins to use atropine
11、atropine can relieve the spasm smooth muscle.
12、the specific mechanism of atropine on myopia control has been clarified.
13、atropine is not effective for all children.
14、if myopia was still progressing quickly for a period of time of using at the beginning,then could consider to increase atropine concentration up to 0.05%.
15、atropine cannot combine with outdoor activities on myopia control.
16、when using atropine drops,bottle caps should be placed face down to avoid being exposed to bacteria.
17、when using atropine drops,squeeze out the first eye drops before using.
18、when using atropine drops,the bottle can touch the eye and eyelashes.
chapter 10 refractive and intraocular lens surgery
28. history and current situation of refractive surgery随堂测验
1、( ) possesses highest comfort level in three types of mainstream surgery.
a、prk
b、fs-lasik
c、smile
d、tprk
2、tprk is very suitable for patients who need strenuous exercise
29. safety and efficacy of refractive surgery随堂测验
1、we can ensure the safety and efficacy of corneal refractive surgery from ( )
a、preoperative inspection
b、intraoperative operation
c、postoperative medician
d、follow-up
2、we generally do not advocate the refractive surgery to minors.
30. intraocular lens implantation for high myopia随堂测验
1、( ) is preferred for patients with high myopia above 10d.
a、prk
b、lasik
c、rle
d、piol
2、phakic intraocular lens implantation do not retain accommodation function.
test for chapter 10
1、in ( ),american mcdonald corrected myopia by excimer laser ,the prk was born.
a、1977
b、1987
c、1997
d、2007
2、( ) changed the way of removing the epithelium with traditional mechanical knife or alcohol,excimer laser is used for epithelial removal and stromal cutting throughout,which make surgery more accurate and safe.
a、prk
b、tprk
c、lasik
d、fs-lasik
3、the vision recovery of ( ) is slowest in the three types of mainstream surgery.
a、fs-lasik
b、smile
c、prk
d、tprk
4、generally we think that the postoperative safety and efficacy index of ( ) is a normal range.
a、1
b、greater than 1
c、less than 1
d、1 or greater
5、the patients with high myopia before surgery needs to pay special attention to a fundus examination after surgery.
a、emmetropia
b、low myopia
c、high myopia
d、hyperopia
6、corneal refractive surgery is mainly for adults over ( ) years of age.
a、16
b、18
c、20
d、22
7、( ) is the preferred treatment for high myopia patients with cataracts.
a、rle
b、ac piol
c、pc piol
d、piol
8、（ ）'s correction range is the widest of current surgical methods.
a、piol
b、rle
c、ac piol
d、pc piol
9、according to the cutting site, corneal refractive surgery is divided into ( )
a、superficial surgery
b、middle layer surgery
c、underlying surgery
d、lamellar surgery
10、the positions of atrificial lens include ( )
a、cornea
b、anterior chamber
c、posterior chamber
d、the lens
11、fs-lasik is a type of lamellar surgery.
12、tprk is a type of lamellar surgery.
13、safety index refers to the ratio of average postoperative bcva to preoperative average bcva.
14、refractive surgery is suitable for all myopia groups.
15、refractive surgery can eliminate the root cause of myopia
16、aphakic intraocular lens implantation still keeps accommodation function.
17、refractive lens exchange,rle for short.
18、one of piol's biggest adcantages is relative reversibility.
final exam
final exam
1、comparing myopia and emmetropia, myopia ( )
a、near-point gets farther
b、far-point gets farther
c、far-point gets closer
d、far-point keeps the same
2、( ) belongs to pure myopia lens
a、plain glass
b、negative lens
c、positive lens
d、astigmatism lens
3、which of the following is not a feature of contact lenses?
a、natural appearance
b、suitable for sports
c、can correct astigmatism
d、low magnification
4、which of the following is a contraindication to refractive surgery ( )
a、keratoconus
b、glaucoma
c、ocular surface infection
d、all of the above
5、the current research believes that ( ) atropine has less side effects than other high concentrations and has better control of myopia
a、0.001%
b、0.01%
c、0.1%
d、1%
6、the summary report to students'parents includes ( )
a、results of this examination
b、advice about this examination
c、historical archives
d、all above
7、what is the core ofinformation system？
a、myopia screening
b、data transmission
c、data platform
d、feedback platform
8、which one is not the aim of refractive examination？
a、get refractive status
b、get ioc
c、get best corrected visual acuity
d、none of the above
9、visual acuity improves gradually and is emmetropia at ( )
a、6 months old
b、3 years old
c、4 years old
d、5 years old
10、( ) means it's astigmatic
a、the break phenomena
b、the thickness phenomenon
c、the skew phenomenon
d、all above
11、if working distance is 50cm,the initial result of retinoscopy refraction is 2.50ds,then the final result of retinoscopy refraction is ( )
a、 0.50ds
b、-0.50ds
c、 4.50ds
d、 2.00ds
12、the change of the spherical mirror is ( )
a、0.25d
b、0.50d
c、0.75d
d、1.00d
13、which of the following is not a method for myopia correction?
a、frame glasses
b、contact lens
c、refractive surgery
d、eye massager
14、which of the following is not a disadvantage of glass lenses?
a、low hardness
b、poor impact resistance
c、fragile
d、large proportion
15、which of the following is not an advantage of glass lenses?
a、good hardness
b、good impact resistance
c、good heat resistance
d、all above
16、in the static assessment，a fluorescein staining pattern with ( ) area being black and ( ) area being yellow-green is observed as flat fit.
a、central；peripheral
b、peripheral；central
c、central；central
d、peripheral；peripheral
17、the occurrence of arch bridge during orthokeratology lens fitting requires to ( ) the depth of reverse curve so that the lens produces a good contact in the central optical zone rather than the reverse curve area.
a、enlarge
b、minish
c、stay the same
d、not sure
18、after wearing orthokeratology, it will form a ( ) around peripheral retina.
a、horizontal defocus
b、vertical defocus
c、hyperopic defocus
d、myopic defocus
19、the undercorrection of visual acuity after orthokeratology lens wearing can be improved by ( ) the pressure in the base curve area.
a、decreasing
b、increasing
c、staying the same
d、removing
20、as for ( ),better uncorrected visual acuity is usually achieved after 1 week and the beset can gradually reach after 1 month
a、prk
b、tprk
c、smile
d、fs-lasik
21、people with ( ) pupil diameter are more prone to glare or ghosting after wearing orthokeratology lens.
a、larger
b、smaller
c、moderate
d、not clear
22、the concentration of ( ) has gradually become the most recognized optimal concentration of atropine on control myopia.
a、0.001%
b、0.01%
c、0.1%
d、1%
23、it is necessary to monitor ( )
a、the change of tear film
b、the change of accommodation
c、all above
d、none of the above
24、( ) is suitable for patients with thin cornea
a、prk
b、tprk
c、smile
d、fs-lasik
25、factors of myopia include ( )
a、reading distance
b、genetic factors
c、reading posture
d、light intensity
e、reading time
26、the complete steps of refraction include ( )
a、objective refraction
b、subjective refraction
c、trial and prescription determination
d、eye examination and auxiliary examination
e、file record
27、special inspections in the process of fitting contact lenses include ( )
a、anterior segment
b、tear film
c、fundus
d、corneal endothelium
e、intraocular pressure
28、what is myopia screening' characteristic?
a、time-limited
b、large in quantity
c、wide range of application
d、high in density
e、none of the above
29、standard process of myopia screening includes ( )
a、personal data collection
b、education
c、visual examination
d、data feedback
e、specialized guidance
30、results of retinoscopy refraction usually includes ( )
a、sphere lens
b、cylinder lens
c、axis
d、uncorrected visual acuity
e、corrected visual acuity
31、which of the following is an advantage of glass lenses?
a、good hardness
b、good heat resistance
c、light
d、thin
e、good impact resistance
32、the design of orthokeratology lens includes ( )
a、base curve zone
b、reverse curve zone
c、alignment curve zone
d、peripheral curve zone
33、the common causes of vision undercorrection after wearing orthokeratology lens are ( )
a、high refractive error
b、large e value
c、flat cornea
d、long-time wearing
34、what are the adverse reactions after topical application of atropine?
a、photophobia
b、myosis
c、difficulty during near work
d、the decrease of intraocular pressure
35、what can be done for the patients with dry eye symptoms?
a、give artificial
b、give antibiotic drops
c、apply hot compress massage on meibomian
d、increase concentration of atropine
36、intraocular lens surgery is divided into ( ) according to whether we keep original crystalline or not.
a、phakic intraocular lens implantation
b、aphakic intraocular lens implantation
c、mono-phakic intraocular lens implantation
d、multi-phakic intraocular lens implantation
37、refractive surgery can be considered in patients with severe anisometropia or with difficulties in contact lenses correction.
38、atropine controls myopia through a non-accommodation mechanism.
39、myopia screening includes visual inspection in hospital.
40、myopia screening is the core of this information system.
41、contact lenses belong to the second category of medical devices.
42、atropine is effective for all children.
43、low-concentration atropine can only control the rate of myopia progression,cannot cure myopia.
44、refractive surgery is not suitable for all minors.
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